教院最初主要提供職前教育證書課程，培養中小學的文憑教師，其後於1998年開辦首項學士學位課程，並在2004年獲授予教育專業課程自行評審資格，之後陸續於2005年開辦教育碩士課程，及於2007年開設教育博士課程。
2010年，隨着研究生院的成立，哲學博士及哲學碩士課程相繼開展。同年推出語文研究榮譽文學士課程和全球及環境研究榮譽社會科學學士課程。
2011年及2012年，分別開設了創意藝術與文化榮譽文學士課程和心理學榮譽社會科學學士課程。教院的課程更形多元化，新課程也與教院最具歷史傳統兼且最為擅長的教育學士課程相輔相成。
HKIEd initially offered pre-service Certificate in Education programmes to train certificated masters and mistresses for primary and secondary schools. In 1998, it launched its first bachelor programme. In 2004, HKIEd was granted the authority to conduct its own accreditation for professional education programmes. Subsequently, the Master of Education (MEd) programme was launched in 2005 and the Doctor of Education (EdD) programme in 2007.
In 2010, with the establishment of the Graduate School, the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) and the Master of Philosophy (MPhil) programmes were launched. In the same year, the Bachelor of Arts (Honours) in Language Studies and the Bachelor of Social Sciences (Honours) in Global and Environmental Studies programmes were introduced.
In 2011 and 2012, the Bachelor of Arts (Honours) in Creative Arts and Culture and the Bachelor of Social Sciences (Honours) in Psychology programmes were introduced respectively. HKIEd’s curriculum has diversified, with greater results achieved through a combination of the new programmes and the traditional and best-known Bachelor of Education programmes of HKIEd.
2016年5月19日，《2016年香港教育學院（修訂）條例草案》獲立法會二讀及三讀通過。
The Hong Kong Institute of Education (Amendment) Bill 2016 passed after the Second and Third Readings in the Legislative Council on 19 May 2016.
2007年，教院向政府呈交正名大學的申請，2015年，大學教育資助委員會向教育局提交檢討報告，建議授予教院大學之名。
2016年，行政長官會同行政會議批准向教院授予大學名銜 — 香港教育大學。
In 2007, HKIEd applied to the government for the title of university, and in its 2015 review, the UGC recommended to the Education Bureau that the title be awarded.
In 2016, the Chief Executive in Council approved the grant of the university title – The Education University of Hong Kong.
2018年，教大獲政府授予全面自行評審資格。
In 2018, EdUHK was granted full self-accrediting status for all of its programme offerings by the government.
2018年，教大所有學科範圍獲授予全面自行評審資格。從1881年官立師範學堂成立，經歷一個多世紀的發展，教大已成為全港規模最大、歷史淵源最深的師資培訓高等學府。
In 2018, full self-accrediting status for all of its programme offerings was bestowed to EdUHK. After more than a century of development following the establishment of the Government Normal School in 1881, EdUHK has become the largest tertiary institution for teacher education in Hong Kong and the one with the longest development course.